Igisubizo kiziguye: Isuzuma rya kure rirashoboka, ariko amafoto, videwo cyangwa ibisobanuro byo kugurisha ntibihagije kugirango urangize icyemezo cyubuguzi. Kugenzura uwagurishije nuwasezeranye, uhuze inyandiko zose namakamyo nyayo, umenye imiterere yubukanishi butaremezwa, hanyuma ushire imiterere yikinyabiziga, igipimo cyagenzuwe, igihe cy’ubucuruzi, aho utanga ninshingano muri cote cyangwa amasezerano mbere yo kwishyura.

Abaguzi bo mu mahanga ntibashobora gusura ikamyo iremereye ikoreshwa mu Bushinwa mbere yo gufata icyemezo. Urukurikirane rukurikira rutandukanya ibishobora kugaragara nibisigaye mu kaga mbere yo kwishyura. Ntishobora kwerekana ko ikamyo runaka idafite amakosa.

1. Kugenzura ugurisha n'imodoka nyayo

Baza izina ry’isosiyete yemewe n’umugurisha, aho biherereye, ibisobanuro birambuye, uwatanze ibiciro hamwe nuwahawe ubwishyu. Amakuru yisosiyete kumasezerano, inyemezabuguzi na konti ya banki agomba guhuza. Kuruhuka niba ushobora kugera kuri konti kugiti cyawe cyangwa niba uwahawe ubwishyu adahuye nuwasezeranye.

Baza icyitegererezo cy'ikamyo, umwaka w'icyitegererezo, iboneza, ibirometero bigezweho, ahantu hamwe nibisobanuro biranga amakuru. Iyo bibaye ngombwa, reba VIN, nimero ya chassis cyangwa ububiko bwerekana; guhana ibiranga ibyiyumvo wenyine aho kubishyira kumugaragaro. Urubuga, imbuga nkoranyambaga cyangwa ifoto y'uruganda byerekana gusa ibyo umugurisha yahisemo kwerekana. Ntabwo ubwayo yerekana umwirondoro wemewe n'amategeko, nyir'imodoka cyangwa imiterere ya mashini.

2. Kora inyandiko zose werekeza ku gikamyo kimwe

Saba amafoto agezweho, videwo, urupapuro rwabigenewe, amagambo yatanzwe hamwe nibishobora kuvugururwa kuri kiriya gice. Gereranya cab, umubiri, chassis, imitambiko, amapine nibigaragara mubitangazamakuru hamwe nimpapuro zerekana. Reba igihe amafoto na videwo byafatiwe niba byerekana uko ikinyabiziga kimeze.

Niba icyitegererezo, iboneza, ibirometero cyangwa isura bidahuye ninyandiko, hagarara hanyuma ubaze umugurisha ibisobanuro byanditse. Amafoto yahinduwe arashobora kuba ingirakamaro, ariko ntagaragaza ko buri nyandiko ari iyikamyo imwe.

3. Koresha videwo nzima kugirango ukemure ibibazo bigaragara

Aho gukusanya urutonde runini rwamafoto yamamaza, andika urutonde rugufi rwibibazo byihariye hanyuma usabe gutembera neza. Baza hafi ya cab, umubiri, chassis, amapine, imyanda igaragara hamwe nuduce umugurisha avuga ko byavuguruwe. Kurikiza ibisabwa byumutekano wurubuga mugihe moteri itangiye, igenzura cyangwa ibice bishyushye kandi bizunguruka birimo.

Niba hari ikintu kidashobora kwerekanwa cyangwa kwemezwa, andika nka "kitagenzuwe" aho gutekereza ko ari cyiza cyangwa kibi. Amafoto na videwo byerekana gusa ibigaragara kandi byumvikana muri ako kanya. Ntibashobora kwerekana amakosa yose yimbere cyangwa rimwe na rimwe, kandi ntibasimbuza igenzura.

4. Gabanya “ivugururwa” mubintu bifatika

"Kuvugururwa" ntabwo bifite urwego rumwe rusangiwe na buri ugurisha. Baza icyagenzuwe, cyasanwe cyangwa cyasimbuwe kuri kiriya gice nyacyo, icyari gisigaye uko kiri, nizihe nyandiko zishobora guhuzwa nayo. Ntukibwire ko buri kamyo ivugwa ko yavuguruwe yakiriye kimwe.

Kubura impapuro byonyine ntibigaragaza uburiganya. Inyandiko zidahuye cyangwa kwirinda inshuro nyinshi ibibazo byumvikana nimpamvu zo guhagarika ibikorwa.

5. Reba abaguzi bashyizweho nubugenzuzi bwabandi

Kugura gukomeye, urashobora gushyiraho umugenzuzi wigenga umenyereye ibinyabiziga biremereye. Mbere yubugenzuzi, bumvikane kubyinjira, urugero, itariki, amafaranga nuburyo bwa raporo. Raporo igomba kwerekana ikamyo nyayo, ikavuga ibyagenzuwe kandi byabonetse, ikanashyiraho urutonde ikintu cyose kidashobora kugeragezwa.

Niba igenzura rishobora gutegurwa, ninde ushobora kugera kurubuga nibishobora kugenzurwa bigomba kwemezwa kubikorwa byihariye. Raporo yigenga igabanya gushidikanya gusa murwego rwumvikanyweho. Ntishobora kwemeza ko amakosa yose azaboneka cyangwa ko ikamyo itazigera ikenera gusanwa. Gusura uruganda ntabwo bisimburwa no kugenzura imodoka yihariye.

6. Shyira imiterere yikinyabiziga hamwe nuburyo bwo gucuruza mu nyandiko

Mbere yo kwishyura, andika imiterere yemejwe yikamyo nyayo, ibibazo bizwi, ibisubizo byubugenzuzi nibibazo byose byafunguye, hanyuma ukomeze verisiyo wasuzumye. Noneho reba ibivugwa cyangwa amasezerano yigihe cyubucuruzi, cyiswe icyambu cyangwa aho gitangirwa, ibicuruzwa byongeweho, gahunda yo kwishyura, inyandiko zohereza hanze, ubwikorezi, ubwishingizi, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga ninshingano za buri ruhande.

Ntugafate ijambo ryubucuruzi cyangwa ngo usuzume urugero rwaryo mubikorwa byinganda. Ibyo FOB, CIF cyangwa indi gahunda ikubiyemo biterwa na cote yihariye, amasezerano hamwe na verisiyo ya Incoterms. Keretse niba ibicuruzwa byemeza neza, ntukibwire ko ibicuruzwa bitwara ibicuruzwa, ibicuruzwa biva muri gasutamo, imisoro, imisoro, kugemura cyangwa nyuma yo kugurisha birimo. Emeza ibisabwa byinjira mu gihugu hamwe n’ubuyobozi bwa gasutamo bugenewe, umucuruzi wa gasutamo cyangwa undi munyamwuga wujuje ibyangombwa.

Kugenzura mbere yo kwishyura

• Ese amasezerano, amagambo yatanzwe nuwahawe ubwishyu bivuga uruhande rumwe?
• Amafoto yose, videwo nibyangombwa byose bivuga ikamyo imwe?
• Nibihe bibazo byagenzuwe, nibisigaye “bitagenzuwe”?
• Urwego rwo kuvugurura rwanditse kuri iki gice?
• Ese igice cya gatatu cyigenzura, amafaranga nibisabwa raporo byemejwe?
• Ijambo ryubucuruzi, icyambu, kwinjiza ibiciro ninshingano byanditswe mumasezerano?

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

Video irashobora gusimbuza ubugenzuzi?

Oya. Video irashobora kwemeza ibintu bigaragara no gusubiza ibibazo byihariye, ariko ntishobora gutwikira amakosa yose yimbere, yihishe cyangwa rimwe na rimwe.

Ningomba kugura ikamyo yakoreshejwe mu Bushinwa ku magambo ya FOB?

Oya. Igihe cy'ubucuruzi giterwa n'amagambo yihariye n'amasezerano. Reba icyambu cyiswe, aho gitangwa, ibiciro hamwe ninshingano zo gutwara, ubwishingizi na gasutamo.

Gusura uruganda byerekana ko ikamyo runaka imeze neza?

Oya. Gusura uruganda birashobora kwerekana aho umugurisha akorera, ariko ntibisimbuza igenzura ryikamyo yihariye kandi ntabwo bigize garanti nziza cyangwa yubucuruzi.

Intambwe ikurikira

Mbere yo kwishyura, saba inyandiko zubu kubikamyo nyabyo, amakuru yabyo yo kuvugurura, uburyo bwo kugenzura bushobora gutegurwa hamwe nuburyo bwuzuye bwubucuruzi. Komeza buri kintu kidakemutse cyanditswe nkuko kitagenzuwe kugeza igihe ufite ibimenyetso byanditse.